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Purpose: To compare various counseling methods for improving patient education, compliance, and administration of eye drops prescribed for post?optical keratoplasty patients and assess the most efficient counseling method. Methods: A prospective, questionnaire?based pilot study was conducted among 60 post?optical keratoplasty patients who were randomly assigned into three groups for postoperative eye drop counseling, namely group (video counseling), group 2 (chart counseling), and group 3 (verbal counseling at Cornea department). The questionnaire was answered by the patients/attendants applying the eye drops on the first 3 consecutive visits. McNemar–Bowker test was used to compare responses in each group and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare responses among the three groups. The Institutional Ethics Committee of Aravind Eye Hospital, Tirunelveli (Registration number ECR 816/Inst/Tn/2016) approved this study. Results: Results demonstrated improvement in various categories assessed regarding drop administration in all three groups, which assessed patients’ knowledge, attitude, and hygiene. Although all three groups showed improvements during subsequent follow?up visits, the video?counseling method was found to be an effective means of communication. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes that the nonverbal and noncontact means of communication by video demonstration would be an effective way of counseling. It can be considered in the present scenario of the pandemic as well
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@#AIM:To discuss the effect of Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with timolol maleate eye drop on the blood supply and intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG). <p>METHODS:The 120 patients with POAG in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected, they were divided into decoction group(<i>n</i>=60)and eye drop group(<i>n</i>=60)according to the randomly table. The eye drop group was treated with timolol maleate eye drop, and the decoction group was treated with Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction on the basis of the eye drop group, the eye blood supply \〖end diastolic velocity(EDV), peak systolic velocity(PSA), resistance index(RI)of central retinal artery(CRA)and posterior ciliary artery(PCA)\〗, intraocular pressure, visual acuity, visual field \〖mean sensitivity(MS), mean deviation(MD)\〗, efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. <p>RESULTS: The EDV and PSA of the CRA and PCA and the visual acuity, MS in the Decoction group and eye drop group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the before treatment, the RI of the CRA and PCA and the intraocular pressure, MD in the Decoction group and eye drop group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the before treatment, the EDV and PSA of the CRA and PCA and the visual acuity, MS in the Decoction group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the eye drop group, the RI of the CRA and PCA and the intraocular pressure, MD in the Decoction group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the eye drop group(<i>P</i><0.05). The effective rate in the Decoction group was significantly higher than that in eye drop group(<i>P</i><0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the Decoction group and eye drop group(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with timolol maleate eye drop can effectively improve the blood supply, intraocular pressure and visual acuity, visual field of patients with POAG, it can improve the efficacy, and it has the good safety, it's worth for further clinical promotion.
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@#AIM: To analyze the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops in treating patients with mixed dry eye disease. <p>METHODS: Among patients diagnosed with dry eye who presented to our hospital between February 2018 to February 2019, 60(120 eyes)cases were divided into 30(60 eyes)in each control and treatment group by random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment with the methods of eyelid hot compress cleaning and meibomian gland massage. The treatment group received combined application of sodium hyaluronate eye drop(0.3%)and cyclosporine A eye drop(1%), while control group received carbomer eye drops used alone at four times daily. And dry eye symptom score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)results were obtained before treatment, at the 1 and 3mo after initiation of treatment. <p>RESULTS: No statistically differences were observed in any of the indexes between the control group(dry eye symptom score: 13.52±2.15, SⅠt: 5.22±2.23, BUT: 5.02±1.58, CFS:2.82±0.81)and the treatment group(dry eye symptom score: 13.75+3.05, SⅠt: 5.54+2.89, BUT: 5.14+1.84, CFS: 2.73±0.45)before initiating treatment. One month later, the dry eye symptom score of the control group(12.22±2.64)and the treatment group(11.42±2.06)improved after treatment; the SⅠt of the control group(7.94±2.15)and the treatment group(8.63±2.78)also improved after treatment, and result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; the BUT of the control group(5.32±1.34)and the treatment group(5.46±1.45)were better after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. After 3mo treatment, the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 11.57±2.98, 8.44±2.35, 5.92±1.75, 1.92±0.44, respectively, and the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 9.23±2.34, 10.45±2.65, 5.92±1.75, 8.69±1.78, 1.59±0.79, respectively(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drop and cyclosporine A eye drops treatments are effective for the treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome.
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@#AIM: To analyze the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate and cyclosporine A eye drops in treating patients with mixed dry eye disease. <p>METHODS: Among patients diagnosed with dry eye who presented to our hospital between February 2018 to February 2019, 60(120 eyes)cases were divided into 30(60 eyes)in each control and treatment group by random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment with the methods of eyelid hot compress cleaning and meibomian gland massage. The treatment group received combined application of sodium hyaluronate eye drop(0.3%)and cyclosporine A eye drop(1%), while control group received carbomer eye drops used alone at four times daily. And dry eye symptom score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)results were obtained before treatment, at the 1 and 3mo after initiation of treatment. <p>RESULTS: No statistically differences were observed in any of the indexes between the control group(dry eye symptom score: 13.52±2.15, SⅠt: 5.22±2.23, BUT: 5.02±1.58, CFS:2.82±0.81)and the treatment group(dry eye symptom score: 13.75+3.05, SⅠt: 5.54+2.89, BUT: 5.14+1.84, CFS: 2.73±0.45)before initiating treatment. One month later, the dry eye symptom score of the control group(12.22±2.64)and the treatment group(11.42±2.06)improved after treatment; the SⅠt of the control group(7.94±2.15)and the treatment group(8.63±2.78)also improved after treatment, and result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; the BUT of the control group(5.32±1.34)and the treatment group(5.46±1.45)were better after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. After 3mo treatment, the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 11.57±2.98, 8.44±2.35, 5.92±1.75, 1.92±0.44, respectively, and the dry eye symptom score, SⅠt, BUT and CFS of the control group were 9.23±2.34, 10.45±2.65, 5.92±1.75, 8.69±1.78, 1.59±0.79, respectively(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of sodium hyaluronate eye drop and cyclosporine A eye drops treatments are effective for the treatment of mixed dry eye syndrome.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bacteriostatic efficacy of diclofenac sodium eye drops and to explore the reasonable dose of benzalkonium chloride, ethylparaben and thimerosal in diclofenac sodium eye drops. METHODS: According to the method of bacteriostatis effect test in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Ch.P),and Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pesudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger as test strains,the bacteriostatis effect of diclofenac sodium eye drops from 10 batches of the samples was determined. Also, the concentration gradient of benzalkonium chloride, ethylparaben and thimerosal in diclofenac sodium eye drops was designed to investigate the optimum bacteriostatic concentration. RESULTS: The samples from 3 manufacturers could reach level B, no sample could reach level A,and those from 7 manufacturers did not comply with the specification. When the concentration of thimerosal was 0.01 mg•mL-1 and the concentration of ethylparaben was 0.3 mg•mL-1 in diclofenac sodium eye drops, the bacteriostatic efficacy could reach level B. When the concentration of benzalkonium chloride was 0.01 mg•mL-1, the bacteriostatic efficacy could reach level A. CONCLUSION: The bacteriostatis effect of diclofenac sodium eye drops from 10 batches of the samples is not good, It is recommended that these manufacturers should optimize the type and concentration of antimicrobial agents and optimize their formulation based on both biological tests and physical-chemical tests to ensure drug safety.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of an eye drop chart and to determine the factors contributing to adherence enhancement using the eye drop chart. METHODS: In this prospective study, enrolled glaucoma patients were educated on the administration of eye drops and use of the eye drop chart. They were required to complete a questionnaire on demographic characteristics and adherence. After 3 months, they completed a second questionnaire on adherence and satisfaction with the use of the eye drop chart. Changes in instillation behavior, relationships between performance scores and demographic characteristics, as well as factors contributing to the improvement of performance scores were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this study. The performance scores were significantly better for those who administered the eye drops by themselves (p = 0.002), those with an annual income > 60 million won (p = 0.036), and patients with at least a college degree (p = 0.002). After using the eye drop chart for 3 months, the average intraocular pressure was significantly reduced (p = 0.041) and the performance score was improved (p = 0.019). The working area (p = 0.009) and eye drop applicator (p = 0.001) were correlated with performance score enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: The eye drop chart was a cost-effective tool for improving the adherence and instillation practices of glaucoma patients. Adherence was improved among patients with more indoor activity, and those who practiced self-instillation. It is expected that the respective conditions of such patients would be more efficiently improved in a clinical setting.
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Humans , Education , Glaucoma , Intraocular Pressure , Ophthalmic Solutions , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Background: In India cataract is the principal cause of blindness responsible for 62.6% as per national programme for control of blindness survey and as per our knowledge, very few systematically analysed data are available on the drug utilization study pattern of medical intervention for post cataract surgery in India. Hence, the present study was under taken to generate baseline drug use data and analyse various aspects of drug prescribing practices.Methods: This study was conducted in department of ophthalmology BIMS Belagavi. A total of 449 patients’ prescription was analysed prospectively. The data was analysed statistically, and results were expressed as numbers and percentage.Results: A total of 2306 drugs were prescribed for 449 patients who underwent cataract surgery. All patients received topical eye drops includes bromfenac 0.1% eye drop and other one is a fixed drug combination of dexamathasone 0.1% plus ofloxacin 0.3% eye drop. Use of antibiotic in association with sex found to be significant (p- value <0.004). Average number of drugs per prescription was 5.1 and drugs which prescribed in generic name were 60.99% and overall percentage of drugs prescribed by brand name was 38.94% which includes 100% eye drops were prescribed by brand names. Fixed drug combination includes 19.50% and drugs from essential drug list used were 80.49%.Conclusions: Health care providers have to take initiative for rational prescribing keeping in mind that it is not only a matter of national policy but also to wellbeing of individual patient.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle combined with mytear and simple mytear on tear film in patients with dry eye.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients of dry eye (160 eyes) were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drop (alice) was applied in the control group, four times per day for two weeks. On the basis of the control group, the subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle was used at ① Cuanzhu (BL 2), Sizhukong (SJ 23), Sibai (ST 2), ② Yintang (EX-HN 3), Yuyao (EX-HN 4), Taiyang (EX-HN 5). The two groups of acupoints were used alternately. The thumb-tack needle was placed for 2 to 3 days, once a week for two weeks. The subjective symptom score, Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT), tear break-up time (BUT) and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) were compared before treatment, after treatment and during 2-week follow-up visit in the two groups. The effects of the two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared before treatment, the subjective symptom score and CFS were reduced but SⅠT and BUT were increased after treatment and during follow-up visit in the two groups (all <0.05), which in the observation group were superior to those in the control group (all <0.05). The total effective rate was 90.0% (36/40) in the observation group, which was superior to 85.0% (34/40) in the control group (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The subcutaneous embedding of thumb-tack needle could increase the amount of SIT, prolong BUT and repair pathological damage of cornea, which could relieve the symptoms of dry eye and improve visual quality.</p>
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Methods , Dry Eye Syndromes , Therapeutics , Needles , TearsABSTRACT
In Korea, demand for autologous serum eye drops (ASEs) is increasing for treatment of severe dry eye diseases. However, since the MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) does not have guidelines for use of ASEs, they are manufactured according to their own protocols by each medical institution. ASEs should be taken with caution to avoid contamination during the manufacturing process since blood must be used as a raw material and must be prepared in an open space. In this paper, we briefly review reports on ASEs and share our experience with the introduction of ASE manufacturing protocols at Severance hospital.
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Eye Diseases , Korea , Ophthalmic SolutionsABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a variação intra e interexaminadores do volume de gotas dispensados de frascos de colírios lubrificantes disponíveis no mercado. Métodos: Foram estudados cinco frascos de colírios lubrificantes e dezenove voluntários participaram deste estudo. A massa média de gotas de 20µl dos colírios foi obtida utilizando micropipeta e balança de precisão e como padrão para comparação com a massa das gotas obtidas pelos voluntários. Cinco gotas de cada frasco foram pesadas individualmente com o tubo de colírio perpendicular à balança, usando o primeiro e segundo dedos da mão direita, de forma que a pressão fosse aplicada somente no meio do frasco. Os experimentos foram realizados em uma sala climatizada a temperatura ambiente (21±1°C). Resultados: Todos os frascos de colírios apresentaram variação estatisticamente significante das massas das gotas obtidas pelos examinadores quando comparadas com a massa média padrão de 0,0182±0,0014g, com exceção da comparação entre os dados do colírio A com o colírio D, que não apresentou variação estatisticamente significante. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstra a ausência de uniformidade das gotas dispensadas pelos frascos de colírios disponíveis no mercado e a sua inadequação à real necessidade, uma vez que as gotas dispensadas são maiores do que o indicado. Esse fato torna-se um problema quando se trata de período de tratamento prolongado, especialmente com colírios dispendiosos como os indicados para a terapêutica do glaucoma. Nesse sentido, a padronização das gotas de colírios se faz necessária.
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the intra and inter variations of eye drops volume dispensed from bottles available on the market. Methods: Five bottles of lubricant eye drops were studied and nineteen volunteers participated in this study. The average mass from 20µl of eye drops was obtained using accuracy micropipette and balance, and used as standard for comparison with the mass of the drops obtained by the volunteers. Five drops of each vial were individually weighed with the tube perpendicular to the balance, using the first and second fingers of the right hand, so that the pressure was applied only in the middle of the flask. The experiments were performed in a room temperature (21±1°C). Results: All eye drops bottles showed a statistically significant variation on masses of the drops obtained by examiners when compared with the standard average weight of 0.0182±0,0014g, except when compared A with D eye drops, with no statistically significant variation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the lack of uniformity of drops dispensed by eye drops bottles available in the market and its inadequacy to the real need, since the dispensed drops are larger than indicated.This fact becomes a problem when it comes to long treatment period, especially with expensive drops as indicated for glaucoma therapy. In this sense, the standardization of drops of eye drops is necessary.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Drug Packaging/standards , Lubricant Eye Drops/administration & dosage , Lubricant Eye Drops/standards , Instillation, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Costs , Equipment Design , Lubricant Eye Drops/economicsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of antibacterial effect of Ofloxacin eye drop. METH-ODS:According to the requirements in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition)antibacterial effect test,using Staphylococcus au-reus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans as test bacteria,colonycount method suit-ability test was conducted for Ofloxacin eye drop samples,the verified method was used to determine the number of viable bacteria at each time point,calculate the bacteria number of 1 mL in the sample and the number of bacteria at each time point and convert to lg value. RESULTS:Ofloxacin eye drop sample can reach the standard of antibacterial effectiveness of theB. CONCLU-SIONS:The method can effectively determine whether the antibacterial effect of Ofloxacin eye drop fits the standard.
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Objective:To explore the reasonable amount of bacteriostatis agent in fluconazole eye drop. Methods: According to the method of bacteriostatis effect test in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP), and Staphyococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candia albicans and Aspergillus niger as the test strains, the bacteriostatis effect of fluconazole eye drop containing 5%, 1%, 0. 3% and 0. 1% benzalkonium chloride was determined. Results: The bacteriostatis effects of fluconazole eye drop containing 5%, 1% and 0. 3% benzalkonium chloride on the five species of tested bacteria complied with the regulations of ChP. The bacteriostatis effects of 0. 1% benzalkonium chloride on Pseudomonas aeruginosa didn't meet the requirements, therefore, 0. 3%was the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC) of benzalkonium chloride. Conclusion: The best inhibitory concentration of benza-lkonium chloride is 1%.
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To establish an HPLC method for the determination of impurity Ⅰ and impurity Ⅱ in latanoprost eye drop.HPLC separation was carried on a Zorbax SB-C1s column (4.6 mm250 mm,5 m) with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-acetonitrile-water (adjusting pH to 3.0 with acetic acid) (56 ∶ 14 ∶ 30).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;the detection wavelength was 210 nm;and the injection volume was 100 μL.Impurity Ⅰ,impurity Ⅱ and latanoprost were separated efficiently under the selected HPLC conditions,with good linearity in the range of 0.049 99-0.999 8 g/mL for impurity Ⅰ and 0.049 94-0.998 8 g/mL for impurity II.The average recoveries of impurity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 96.74％ (n =9) and 94.99％ (n =9),respectively.The established method can be used for the detection of stereoisomers in latanoprost eye drop.
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Objective: To prepare 1% voriconazole ( VCZ) sulfonated butyl ether- β-cyclodextrin ( SBE-β-CD) inclusion com-pound eye drop and study the quality. Methods: VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound was prepared with the molar ratio of VCZ to SBE-β-CD of 1 :1. Sodium chloride was used as the osmotic pressure regulator and benzalkonium bromide was employed as the pre-servative in the preparation of VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound eye drop. The appearance, pH value, content stability and irritation of the eye drop were studied as well. Results:The eye drop was colorless and transparent solution with the pH value of 6. 44 ± 0. 20, 6. 50 ± 0. 15,6. 48 ± 0. 22 the osmotic pressure of (320 ± 4. 62),(316 ± 2. 88),(322 ± 2. 60)MOsm and the VCZ content of 1. 02% g ·ml-1 . The results of accelerated testing and long-term testing showed no notable changes in the quality indices. The eye drop exhibi-ted no significant irritation to the rabbit eyes. Conclusion:VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound eye drop shows the properties of high VCZ content, stable quality and promising safety in eye application, which is worthy of further studies.
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Objective: To prepare 1% voriconazole ( VCZ) sulfonated butyl ether- β-cyclodextrin ( SBE-β-CD) inclusion com-pound eye drop and study the quality. Methods: VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound was prepared with the molar ratio of VCZ to SBE-β-CD of 1 :1. Sodium chloride was used as the osmotic pressure regulator and benzalkonium bromide was employed as the pre-servative in the preparation of VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound eye drop. The appearance, pH value, content stability and irritation of the eye drop were studied as well. Results:The eye drop was colorless and transparent solution with the pH value of 6. 44 ± 0. 20, 6. 50 ± 0. 15,6. 48 ± 0. 22 the osmotic pressure of (320 ± 4. 62),(316 ± 2. 88),(322 ± 2. 60)MOsm and the VCZ content of 1. 02% g ·ml-1 . The results of accelerated testing and long-term testing showed no notable changes in the quality indices. The eye drop exhibi-ted no significant irritation to the rabbit eyes. Conclusion:VCZ SBE-β-CD inclusion compound eye drop shows the properties of high VCZ content, stable quality and promising safety in eye application, which is worthy of further studies.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the change of residual volume of eye drop after instillation in patients with 23-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS). METHODS: Patient who were treated 23-gauge MIVS from November 2014 to July 2015 were included. The residual volume was defined as the amount of remnant eye drop in patient's eyes after instillation, calculated as the difference between instillation volume and spilled volume of eye drop. Calculation of residual volume of eye drop was performed one day before surgery, and daily from postoperative day 1 to day 5. RESULTS: Forty consecutive patients were included. The residual volume of eye drop decreased from 30.3 ± 1.4 µL at baseline to 13.0 ± 1.5 µL at day 1, 18.3 ± 1.6 µL at day 2, 24.7 ± 1.5 µL at day 3, and 27.9 ± 1.4 µL in day 4, postoperatively (p < 0.001, respectively). The volume at postoperative day 5 was 29.4 ± 1.3 µL, but it was not different from the volume at baseline (p = 0.105). The change of residual volume was significantly correlated with postoperative chemosis (r = 0.672, p < 0.001) and effected by the number of quadrant with postoperative chemosis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that postoperative residual volume of eye drop after instillation decreased until postoperative day 4, and postoperative chemosis affects the change of residual volume. Thus, checking proper use of eye drops and teaching about instillation technique by physician is necessary for patients with 23-gauge MIVS.
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Humans , Ophthalmic Solutions , Residual Volume , VitrectomyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Bromfenac sodium eyed drops in the treatment of xe-rophthalmia. METHODS:80 patients with xerophthalmia were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 40 cases in each group. Control group was given 0.1% Sodium hyaluronate,one drop,qd;observation group was given 0.1% Sodi-um hyaluronate eye drops,one drop,bid. Both groups received 14 d of treatment. The subjective symptom and sign,the time of lacrimal film break-up,fluorescent staining score and schemer test were observed in 2 groups before treatment,3,7,14 d after treatment. Clinical efficacy and the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in subjective symptom and sign,the time of lacrimal film break-up,fluorescent staining score and tear between 2 groups before treatment,3,7 d after treatment(P>0.05). 14 d after treatment,subjective symptom and sign and fluorescent staining score of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the time of lacrimal film break-up was prolonged and secretion was increased significant-ly;the observation group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Sodium hyaluronate eye drops is effective for xerophthalmia,and can relieve the symptoms with good safety.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of dextran70 in Compound dextran70 eye drop. METHODS:HPLC-RID was performed on the column of Phenomenex PolySep-GFC-P 4000 with the mobile phase of 0.7% Na2SO4 solution. The flow rate was 0.5 ml/min,column temperature was 35 ℃ and injection volume was 50 μl,and the inner temperature of refrac-tive index detector was 40 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of dextran70 was 0.1-5.0 mg/ml(r=0.999 5);RSDs of precision,sta-bility and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;average recovery was 97.45%-101.76%(RSD=0.57%,n=9). CONCLU-SIONS:The method is simple,fast and reliable with high separation and short analysis time,and can be used for the content deter-mination of dextran70 in Compound dextran70 eye drop.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of tobramycin and dexamethasone in Tobra-mycin and dexamethasone eye drop. METHODS:HPLC-column derivatization-double wavelength method was performed on the col-umn of Agilent C18 with mobile phase of 0.25% 3-hydroxymethyl aminomethane-acetonitrile-0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid(40:59:1,V/V/V)at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 365 nm and 220 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the volume in-jection was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 18.01-180.09 μg/ml for tobramycin(r=0.999 5)and 6.02-60.24 μg/ml for dexa-methasone(r=0.999 8);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recoveries were 98.65%-100.01%(RSD=0.47%,n=9)and 98.92%-100.20%(RSD=0.50%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,time-sav-ing,specific,reproducible,accurate and reliable,and can be used for the quality control of Tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drop.
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<b>Objective: </b>For pharmacists to select a suitable auxiliary device for eye drop administration for patients who have difficulty in applying eye drops, the pharmacists need to know the characteristics and level of difficulty of using each device.<br><b>Methods: </b>Thus, we compared the characteristics of New Rakuraku Tengan, Rakuraku Tengan III, and an eye-drop self-help device and also conducted a survey involving 40 healthy volunteers on each device’s accessibility and suitability for people with motor disabilities.<br><b>Results: </b>New Rakuraku Tengan received the highest score for “usage was able to easily understand” (70.0% of the respondents answered positively) and “suitability for poor-sighted people” (65.0%). Rakuraku Tengan III received the highest score for the “effectiveness of photos and illustrations in the manual” (77.5%),but was evaluated to be difficult to use. The eye-drop self-help device received the highest score for “suitability for people with difficulty raising their shoulders and arms” (75.0%).<br><b>Results: </b>Thus, we observed the need for pharmacists to have thorough knowledge of the products in order to recommend suitable auxiliary devices for eye drop administration for each patient.